Modelling can play a key role to integrate climate resilience in the urban design process. Below we share the experience of Madrid-Pradolongo, presenting the microscale modelling of thermal comfort to assess the benefits of nature-based solution (NbS) implementation considering climate change scenarios. This spatial-specific information allows the benchmarking of design alternatives and identifying the priority areas for the implementation of NbS considering thermal stress level. 

Simulations of the thermal effectiveness of nature-based solutions are tools used to predict and evaluate their impact in increasing or decreasing thermal comfort in urban areas. These simulations are based on numerical models that take into account factors such as air temperature, solar radiation, humidity, wind speed, and the presence of shadows and bodies of water. The simulations make it possible to identify the most critical areas in terms of thermal stress and to evaluate different design and configuration options for nature-based solutions by applying the effectiveness indices. Overall, simulations are a valuable tool for designers, urbanists, and planners to make informed decisions about NBS implementation in urban areas. 

In this specific exercise, four models are developed: current climate conditions (with and without NbS) and a future climate conditions (RCP 8.5- 2041-2070) scenario (with and without NbS). 

The Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) would be the indicator chosen to evaluate the areas with Thermal Stress Indicator (TSI) level.

Pilot Case: Madrid-Pradolongo